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Green Building Glossary
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Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
Time Spent Indoors (Average)
Primary IAQ Indicator
Ventilation Rate Standard
Key Chemical Pollutant Class
English Definition
The condition of the air within a building as it affects occupant health, comfort, and performance โ governed by ASHRAE Standard 62.1 and assessed through parameters including COโ levels, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, humidity, and biological contaminants.
Why IAQ Matters in UAE Buildings
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of the air within an occupied building, assessed in terms of their effects on the health, comfort, and cognitive performance of the building’s occupants. People spend approximately 90% of their time indoors on average โ a figure likely higher in the UAE, where extreme outdoor temperatures limit outdoor activity for much of the year. The quality of the air they breathe during those hours has direct and measurable effects on respiratory health, cognitive function, productivity, and absenteeism. Studies by the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health have demonstrated that improvements in indoor air quality โ particularly ventilation rates and VOC reduction โ produce measurable improvements in cognitive function scores of 60โ100%.
Key IAQ Parameters and Pollutants
IAQ is characterised through multiple parameters. Carbon dioxide (COโ) โ a metabolic byproduct of human respiration โ is the most widely monitored IAQ indicator, with elevated concentrations (above 1,000 ppm) associated with reduced cognitive performance and drowsiness. COโ monitoring is used as a proxy for adequate ventilation. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are emitted by building materials, furnishings, cleaning products, and occupant activities; common examples include formaldehyde (from composite wood products), benzene (from adhesives), and toluene (from paints). Particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) โ including desert dust, a significant UAE-specific concern โ can penetrate deeply into the lungs and exacerbate respiratory conditions. Relative humidity outside the range of 30โ60% promotes either mould growth (above 60%) or respiratory irritation and static electricity (below 30%). Biological contaminants โ bacteria, mould, and Legionella in cooling towers and water systems โ present specific health risks in UAE buildings.
Regulatory Framework and Green Building Credits
Ventilation for acceptable IAQ in UAE buildings is governed by ASHRAE Standard 62.1, which specifies minimum outdoor air ventilation rates for different occupancy types, expressed in litres per second per person and litres per second per square metre of floor area. Under Al Sa’fat, IAQ credits require demonstration that the HVAC system delivers ventilation rates meeting or exceeding ASHRAE 62.1 minimums, that low-VOC materials are specified for interior finishes, and that construction IAQ management procedures are implemented to prevent contamination of the building fabric during construction. The WELL Building Standard, increasingly specified on premium UAE projects, sets more demanding IAQ requirements including real-time air quality monitoring, filtration standards, and post-occupancy IAQ testing.
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ุญุงูุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุฏุงุฎู ุงูู ุจูู ู ู ุญูุซ ุชุฃุซูุฑู ุนูู ุตุญุฉ ุงูุดุงุบููู ูุฑุงุญุชูู ูุฃุฏุงุฆูู โ ู ุญููู ุฉ ุจู ุนูุงุฑ ASHRAE 62.1 ูุชูููููู ู ู ุฎูุงู ู ุนุงู ูุงุช ูู ุณุชููุงุช COโ ูุงูู ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูุนุถููุฉ ุงูู ุชุทุงูุฑุฉ ูุงูุฌุณูู ุงุช ุงูุฏูููุฉ ูุงูุฑุทูุจุฉ ูุงูู ููุซุงุช ุงูุจููููุฌูุฉ.
ูู ุงุฐุง ุชููู ุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฏุงุฎูู ูู ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุชูุฉุ
ุชูุดูุฑ ุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฏุงุฎูู ุฅูู ุงูุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงูููู ูุงุฆูุฉ ูุงูููุฒูุงุฆูุฉ ูุงูุจููููุฌูุฉ ููููุงุก ุฏุงุฎู ุงูู ุจูู ุงูู ุดุบููุ ูุชูููููู ู ู ุญูุซ ุขุซุงุฑูุง ุนูู ุตุญุฉ ุงูุดุงุบููู ูุฑุงุญุชูู ูุฃุฏุงุฆูู ุงูู ุนุฑูู. ููุถู ุงููุงุณ ู ุง ููุงุฑุจ 90% ู ู ููุชูู ูู ุงูุฏุงุฎู ูู ุงูู ุชูุณุท โ ููู ุฑูู ูุฑุฌููุญ ุฃู ูููู ุฃุนูู ูู ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุชุ ุญูุซ ุชูุญุฏู ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ ุงููุตูู ู ู ุงููุดุงุท ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌู ู ุนุธู ุฃูุงู ุงูุณูุฉ. ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฐู ูุชููุณููู ุฎูุงู ุชูู ุงูุณุงุนุงุช ุชูุญุฏุซ ุขุซุงุฑุงู ู ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ููุงุจูุฉ ููููุงุณ ุนูู ุตุญุฉ ุงูุฌูุงุฒ ุงูุชููุณู ูุงููุธููุฉ ุงูู ุนุฑููุฉ ูุงูุฅูุชุงุฌูุฉ ูุงูุบูุงุจ.
ุงูู ุนุงู ูุงุช ูุงูู ููุซุงุช ุงูุฑุฆูุณูุฉ ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฏุงุฎูู
ุชุชุณู ุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฏุงุฎูู ุจุนุฏุฉ ู ุนุงู ูุงุช. ุซุงูู ุฃูุณูุฏ ุงููุฑุจูู (COโ) โ ูุชุงุฌ ุฃูุถู ูุชููุณ ุงูุฅูุณุงู โ ูู ุฃูุซุฑ ู ุคุดุฑุงุช ุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฏุงุฎูู ู ุฑุงูุจุฉูุ ูุชุฑุชุจุท ุงูุชุฑููุฒุงุช ุงูู ุฑุชูุนุฉ (ููู 1,000 ุฌุฒุก ูู ุงูู ูููู) ุจุชุฏููุฑ ุงูุฃุฏุงุก ุงูู ุนุฑูู ูุงููุนุงุณ. ูุงูู ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูุนุถููุฉ ุงูู ุชุทุงูุฑุฉ (VOCs) ุชููุจุนุซ ู ู ู ูุงุฏ ุงูุจูุงุก ูุงูุฃุซุงุซ ูู ูุชุฌุงุช ุงูุชูุธููุ ูุชุดู ู ุงูููุฑู ุงูุฏููุงูุฏ ูุงูุจูุฒูู ูุงูุชููููู. ูุงูุฌุณูู ุงุช ุงูุฏูููุฉ (PM2.5 ูPM10) โ ุจู ุง ูููุง ุบุจุงุฑ ุงูุตุญุฑุงุก ุงูุฎุงุต ุจุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุช โ ูู ูู ุฃู ุชุฎุชุฑู ุงูุฑุฆุชูู ุจุนู ู. ูุงูุฑุทูุจุฉ ุงููุณุจูุฉ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ูุทุงู 30โ60% ุชูุดุฌููุน ูู ู ุงูุนูู ุฃู ุชูุณุจููุจ ุชููุฌ ุงูุฌูุงุฒ ุงูุชููุณู.
ุงูุฅุทุงุฑ ุงูุชูุธูู ู ูููุงุท ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุฎุถุฑุงุก
ููุญูู ุงูุชูููุฉ ููุญุตูู ุนูู ุฌูุฏุฉ ููุงุก ู ูุจููุฉ ูู ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุชูุฉ ู ุนูุงุฑ ASHRAE 62.1ุ ุงูุฐู ููุญุฏููุฏ ุงูุญุฏ ุงูุฃุฏูู ู ู ู ุนุฏูุงุช ุชูููุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌู ูุฃููุงุน ุงูุฅุดุบุงู ุงูู ุฎุชููุฉ. ูุจู ูุฌุจ ูุธุงู ุงูุณุนูุงุชุ ุชุณุชูุฒู ููุงุท ุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฏุงุฎูู ุฅุซุจุงุช ุฃู ูุธุงู ุงูุชูููู ูุงูุชูููุฉ ููููููุฑ ู ุนุฏูุงุช ุชูููุฉ ุชุณุชููู ุงูุญุฏูุฏ ุงูุฏููุง ูู ASHRAE 62.1 ุฃู ุชุชุฌุงูุฒูุงุ ูุฃู ุงูู ูุงุฏ ู ูุฎูุถุฉ VOC ู ูุญุฏุฏุฉ ููุชุดุทูุจุงุช ุงูุฏุงุฎููุฉ. ูููุญุฏููุฏ ู ุนูุงุฑ ู ุจูู WELL ู ุชุทูุจุงุช ุฃูุซุฑ ุตุฑุงู ุฉ ุชุดู ู ู ุฑุงูุจุฉ ุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ูู ุงูููุช ุงููุนูู ูู ุนุงููุฑ ุงูุชุฑุดูุญ ูุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูููุงุก ุงูุฏุงุฎูู ุจุนุฏ ุงูุฅุดุบุงู.
e-Basel Consultancy provides expert advisory on green building design, Al Sa’fat compliance, and indoor environment quality across the UAE.