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Green Building Glossary
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Heat Gain
Peak Outdoor Temp Dubai Summer
Dominant Heat Gain Source UAE
Key Glazing Control Parameter
Cooling Load Temperature Difference Method
English Definition
The rate at which heat energy enters a building through its envelope and internal sources โ the fundamental driver of cooling load in UAE buildings and the primary target of passive design strategies including insulation, shading, glazing selection, and building orientation.
Sources of Heat Gain in UAE Buildings
Heat gain refers to the addition of thermal energy to a building’s conditioned space, which must be removed by the HVAC cooling system to maintain comfort conditions. In UAE buildings, heat gain arises from multiple sources that must be understood individually and collectively to design effective envelope and HVAC solutions. The principal sources are:
Solar heat gain through glazing โ direct and diffuse solar radiation entering through windows and facades โ is typically the dominant heat gain source in UAE commercial buildings, accounting for 30โ50% of peak cooling load. The intensity is governed by the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) of the glazing and the effectiveness of any external shading. Conductive heat gain through opaque envelope elements โ walls and roofs โ driven by the temperature difference between the hot exterior (up to 45ยฐC+) and the cooled interior (typically 23โ24ยฐC) and governed by the U-value. Internal heat gains from occupants, lighting, and equipment add to the cooling load independently of the envelope.
Solar Heat Gain and Glazing Selection
In the UAE, glazing selection is one of the most impactful envelope decisions affecting solar heat gain. The SHGC of a glazing product โ ranging from 0 (no solar transmission) to 1 (complete transmission) โ directly determines the solar heat entering the building per unit of glazing area. The Dubai Green Building Regulations specify maximum SHGC values for glazing in commercial buildings, typically in the range of 0.25โ0.40 depending on orientation and window-to-wall ratio. High-performance low-SHGC glazing products โ including triple-silver low-emissivity coatings โ are increasingly standard in Al Sa’fat 3-star and LEED Gold projects across Dubai.
Implications for HVAC System Sizing
Accurate heat gain calculation is essential for correct HVAC system sizing. Oversized HVAC systems โ the consequence of conservative peak heat gain calculations or excessive safety factors โ cycle on and off rather than running continuously at part load, reducing energy efficiency and humidity control performance. The industry-standard method for peak heat gain calculation is the ASHRAE Cooling Load Temperature Difference / Cooling Load Factor (CLTD/CLF) method for manual calculations, or dynamic simulation using energy modelling software for complex buildings. All Al Sa’fat compliance energy models must accurately represent the building’s heat gain profile, using UAE-specific solar radiation data.
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ู ุนุฏู ุฏุฎูู ุทุงูุฉ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฅูู ุงูู ุจูู ุนุจุฑ ุบูุงูู ูู ุตุงุฏุฑู ุงูุฏุงุฎููุฉ โ ุงูู ุญุฑู ุงูุฌููุฑู ูุญู ู ุงูุชุจุฑูุฏ ูู ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุชูุฉ ูุงููุฏู ุงูุฑุฆูุณู ูุงุณุชุฑุงุชูุฌูุงุช ุงูุชุตู ูู ุงูุณูุจูุ ุจู ุง ูููุง ุงูุนุฒู ูุงูุชุธููู ูุงุฎุชูุงุฑ ุงูุฒุฌุงุฌ ูุชูุฌูู ุงูู ุจูู.
ู ุตุงุฏุฑ ุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูู ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุชูุฉ
ููุดูุฑ ุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฅูู ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุงูุทุงูุฉ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑูุฉ ุฅูู ุงููุถุงุก ุงูู ููููู ูู ุงูู ุจููุ ูุงูุชู ูุฌุจ ุนูู ูุธุงู ุงูุชุจุฑูุฏ ุฅุฒุงูุชูุง ููุญูุงุธ ุนูู ุธุฑูู ุงูุฑุงุญุฉ. ููู ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุชูุฉุ ููุดุฃ ุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู ู ู ุตุงุฏุฑ ู ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ. ุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูุดู ุณูุฉ ุนุจุฑ ุงููุงุฌูุงุช ุงูุฒุฌุงุฌูุฉ โ ุงูุฅุดุนุงุน ุงูุดู ุณู ุงูู ุจุงุดุฑ ูุงูู ูุชุดุฑ ุงูุฏุงุฎู ุนุจุฑ ุงูููุงูุฐ ูุงููุงุฌูุงุช โ ูู ุนุงุฏุฉู ุงูู ุตุฏุฑ ุงูุฃูุจุฑ ูุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูู ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุชุฌุงุฑูุฉ ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุชูุฉุ ุฅุฐ ููุดูููู 30โ50% ู ู ุญู ู ุงูุชุจุฑูุฏ ุนูุฏ ุงูุฐุฑูุฉ. ูุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูุชูุตููู ุนุจุฑ ุนูุงุตุฑ ุงูุบูุงู ุงูุตู ุงุก โ ุงูุฌุฏุฑุงู ูุงูุฃุณูู โ ู ุฏููุนุงู ุจูุฑู ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุจูู ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงูุญุงุฑ (45ยฐู +) ูุงูุฏุงุฎู ุงูู ุจุฑููุฏ (23โ24ยฐู ).
ุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูุดู ุณูุฉ ูุงุฎุชูุงุฑ ุงูุฒุฌุงุฌ
ูู ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุชุ ููุนุฏู ุงุฎุชูุงุฑ ุงูุฒุฌุงุฌ ู ู ุฃูุซุฑ ูุฑุงุฑุงุช ุบูุงู ุงูู ุจูู ุชุฃุซูุฑุงู ุนูู ุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูุดู ุณูุฉ. ูุชุฑุงูุญ ู ุนุงู ู SHGC ูู ูุชุฌ ุงูุฒุฌุงุฌ ุจูู 0 (ูุง ุงูุชูุงู ุดู ุณู) ู1 (ุงูุชูุงู ูุงู ู)ุ ูููุญุฏููุฏ ู ุจุงุดุฑุฉู ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูุดู ุณูุฉ ุงูุฏุงุฎูุฉ ุฅูู ุงูู ุจูู ููู ูุญุฏุฉ ู ู ู ุณุงุญุฉ ุงููุงุฌูุฉ ุงูุฒุฌุงุฌูุฉ. ูุชุญุฏุฏ ููุงุฆุญ ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุฎุถุฑุงุก ูู ุฏุจู ุงูุญุฏ ุงูุฃูุตู ูููู SHGC ูููุงุฌูุงุช ุงูุฒุฌุงุฌูุฉ ูู ุงูู ุจุงูู ุงูุชุฌุงุฑูุฉุ ุนุงุฏุฉู ูู ูุทุงู 0.25โ0.40 ุญุณุจ ุงูุงุชุฌุงู ููุณุจุฉ ุงููุงุฌูุฉ ุงูุฒุฌุงุฌูุฉ ุฅูู ุงูุฌุฏุงุฑ.
ุงูุงูุนูุงุณุงุช ุนูู ุชุตู ูู ู ูุธูู ุงุช ุงูุชูููู ูุงูุชูููุฉ
ููุนุฏู ุงูุญุณุงุจ ุงูุฏููู ูุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุถุฑูุฑุฉู ูุชุตู ูู ู ูุธูู ุงุช ุงูุชูููู ูุงูุชูููุฉ ุจุงูุญุฌู ุงูุตุญูุญ. ุงูู ูุธูู ุงุช ุงูู ูุตู ููู ุฉ ุจุฃุญุฌุงู ุฃูุจุฑ ู ู ุงูุถุฑูุฑุฉ โ ูุชูุฌุฉ ุญุณุงุจุงุช ู ุญุงูุธุฉ ูุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุนูุฏ ุงูุฐุฑูุฉ โ ุชุฏูุฑ ูู ูุถุน ุงูุฅููุงู ูุงูุชุดุบูู ุจุฏูุงู ู ู ุงูุนู ู ุงูู ุณุชู ุฑ ุนูุฏ ุงูุชุญู ู ุงูุฌุฒุฆูุ ู ู ุง ููููููู ููุงุกุฉ ุงูุทุงูุฉ ูุฃุฏุงุก ุงูุชุญูู ูู ุงูุฑุทูุจุฉ. ููุฌุจ ุฃู ุชูู ุซููู ุฌู ูุน ูู ุงุฐุฌ ุงูุทุงูุฉ ูู ุชูุฏูู ุงุช ุงูุณุนูุงุช ุจุดูู ุฏููู ู ูู ุงูุชุณุงุจ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูู ุงูู ุจููุ ู ุณุชุฎุฏู ุฉู ุจูุงูุงุช ุงูุฅุดุนุงุน ุงูุดู ุณู ุงูุฎุงุตุฉ ุจุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุช.
e-Basel Consultancy provides expert advisory on green building design, Al Sa’fat compliance, and building envelope optimisation across the UAE.